Analysis of herbicide mixtures in environmental samples with emulsification liquid-liquid microextraction using fatty acids deep eutectic solvents

A method was developed for the simultaneous extraction of herbicides such as 2,4 D, MCPA, ametryn, chlorothalonil, and bromacil in water vegetable samples by emulsification liquid-liquid microextraction with fatty acids based hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (DES). The DES were synthesised mixing several ratios that functioned both hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) donor (HBD). Using solvent, vital parameters optimised, including type volume DES, pH sample, sonication time, emulsifier. Then, extracted back-extracted into phosphoric acid solution (0.05 M). detection limits range 0.01–2.5 ng mL−1, quantification 0.03–8.3 recoveries 73.1–98.8% RSD <10%. greenness assessment using Analytical Eco-Scale AGREE (Analytical GREEnness Metric Approach System) exhibited can be considered simple, practical, environmentally friendly.